[neverending]

Sure, Lovecraft loved the story, and some say it had a great influence on The Dunwich Horror, but I don't think it's what the poster is looking for. Perhaps I'm being a bit strict in my interpretation.

We could go on all day naming writers influenced by Lovecraft. I just chose a couple I thought fit the bill closest with what the OP was looking for. The Lovecraftian elements in Howard's work in particular are tenuous at best. They were great friends and elements rubbed off on each other, but Howard was much more concerned with action and the rise and fall of decadent civilizations; whereas Lovecraft was concerned with fear of the unknown and our inability to deal with knowledge beyond our comprehension.

This what makes Lovecraft so popular today- his depiction of an unfeeling, indifferent cosmos, a universe that couldn't care less if humanity was wiped from existence.