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Okay, so now we have a boring white page. Cool. Now we want to actually show something in it. Lets break down what we have so far:
We have the outer HTML tags: <html> </html> This tells the browser, “This is a web page”. It’s kind of like starting every sentence with “I’m speaking English”, its pretty unnecessary and will get ignored, but include them anyway. Next, we have the head tags, which are holding the title tags: <head> <title></title> </head> The head holds lots of important things that will be explained later (especially when we get into CSS and JavaScript), but for now, we are only concerned with the title. What does it do? Notice how the top of your web browser says “Horror.com – Talk about horror” or something similar? That’s the title. That’s is what it does. Nothing else. But that is pretty cool, right? If you put something in the Title tags, it shows up in the title bar of the browser. For the record, it will not display images or formatting, so you cant italicize the title or anything fun like that. Finally, we have the body tags: <body> </body> This is where “everything else” (otherwise known as “content”) goes. This is where every other tutorial in existence has you type in “Hello World!”. Not me though. Type in something else; anything else. Try cutting and pasting this into your HTML page: <html> <head> <title>This is my kick-ass page title!!!</title> </head> <body> My page has a hot body. </body> </html> Yes, it’s very immature. Complain to someone who cares. Otherwise, enjoy my sparkling wit. |
Now for some notes:
If you are using one of the html editors I suggested, you may notice that rather than tags, you are getting gobbledygook. That is because some of them are too smart for their own good and capture the formatting from web pages when you copy and paste. To avoid this, copy and paste into notebook, then copy and paste that. Notebook is a “plain text” editor, so all formatting is stripped and only clean, pretty code is left. I will also use this opportunity to share with you a little bit of “Best Practice”, basically the “right” or “Best” way to do things. As this is going to be XHTML rather than plain old HTML, there are some rules. Every tag must have a closing tag. So every <html> must have a </html>, every <head> must have a </head>, etc etc. There are “non enclosing” tags that seem to break this rule, but we will cover that later, and how they don’t really break the rule. The last bit is this, pay attention to your nesting. Notice how the head and body are completely inside the <html> tags, and how the <title> tags are completely inside the <head>? This is very important. If you don’t, you end up with some batshit crazy looking page that will make you pull your hair out trying to figure out what the hell you did wrong. For a visual example: GOOD: <html> <head> <title>This is my kick-ass page title!!!</title> </head> <body> My page has a hot body. </body> </html> BAD: <html><title> <head> This is my kick-ass page title!!!</title> </head> <body> My page has a hot body. </html></body> Dropped on its head as a child, saves the day with the fat kid: <title> </ht <heml> BA-BY RUTH!!!</title> </head> <bodad> <hty> HEY YOU GUYS!!!! ml></body> |
So, when's the next installment. I knew this stuff already.
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Not so fast Festered
Some people here are in the back of the classroom. I'm still on the first page...for the third time:o |
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Question: Why don't you have this bit at the beginning? We were told by the head of our department that you must have it at the beginning of a site.
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en"> |
Vodstock is teaching the very basics of html here, and your instructor is talking about XHTML- an updated and expanded version of html. You can read about the differences between html 4 and XHTML, and why you need that statement at the beginning of an XHTML document, here:
http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/ If you're just going to use pretty basic htrml and some tricks here and there, you don't need to worry about DOCTYPE declarations. |
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